2019 becomes second hottest year on record

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AFP
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A labourer drinks water as another looks on on a hot summer day at a grain market in Chandigarh, India, April 19, 2016. REUTERS/Ajay Verma/Files

2019 was the second hottest year on record and ended the hottest decade in history, the European Union's climate monitoring service said Wednesday.

Data released by the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) showed that worldwide temperatures last year were second only to 2016, in which temperatures were boosted 0.12°C by an exceptionally strong El Nino natural weather event.

The average temperature in 2019 was only a few hundredths of a degree below the 2016 level.

The last five years have been the hottest on record, and the period of 2010-2019 was the hottest decade since records began, C3S said.

Did you know all of world's 15 hottest places are in Pakistan and India?

Globally temperatures in 2019 were 0.6 Celsius warmer than the 1981-2010 average. Earth's temperature over the last five years was 1.1-1.2°C warmer than pre-industrial times.

Last year was Europe's hottest ever.

"2019 has been another exceptionally warm year, in fact the second warmest globally in our data set, with many of the individual months breaking records," said Carlo Buontempo, head of C3S.

Also read: Heatwave hits Australia with hottest day on record

2019 was just 0.04°C cooler than 2016, which saw temperatures boosted by a once-in-a-century strength El Nino.

'Alarming signs'

C3S also said that atmospheric carbon concentrations continued to rise in 2019, reaching their highest levels on record.

Earlier this month, the European Commission (EC) Directorate-General for Environment (DG ENV) shared a "dramatic picture" and urged for action, saying "#ClimateCrisis & #NatureCrisis impact all of us".

Separately, the EC Directorate-General for Climate Action (DG CLIMA) had said scientists around the world had repeatedly sounded the alarms on climate crisis and biodiversity loss.

It said "to restore, preserve and protect #OurPlanet" was the "focus for 2020".

The United Nations said last year that man-made greenhouse gas emissions needed to tumble 7.6 percent each year to 2030 in order to limit temperature rises to 1.5°C.

Current pledges by countries to cut their emissions put Earth on a path of several degrees warming by the end of the century.

Related: Bushfires rage after Australia's hottest summer on record

The first week of 2020 has seen climate-related disasters such as the fires ravaging southeastern Australia — with hundreds of thousands of animals burnt to death — and flooding kill dozens of people in Indonesia.

Scientists say such catastrophes will become more frequent and more intense as temperatures climb.

"The past five years have been the warmest on record; the last decade has been the warmest on record," said Copernicus director Jean-Noel Thepaut.

"These are unquestionably alarming signs."

Read more: Nawabshah may have endured hottest April temperature recorded

Last year saw the most pronounced warming in Alaska and other parts of the Arctic, as well as large swathes of eastern and southern Europe, southern Africa, and Australia.

In Europe, all seasons were warmer than average, with several countries registering both summer and winter temperature highs. December 2019 was 3.2°C warmer than the 1981-2010 reference period, C3S said.

Related:

Last three years hottest on record: UN